Self-referenced electro-optic response measurement of dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators employing single-tone level control and low-frequency bias swing

• Main Authors: Gu, C. (Author), He, Y. (Author), Liu, Y. (Author), Wang, M. (Author), Xu, Y. (Author), Zhang, S. (Author), Zhang, Y. (Author), Zhang, Z. (Author)
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Optica Publishing Group (formerly OSA) 2022
• Subjects: Bias signal; Driving signal; Dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators; Electro-optic response; Electro-optics; Frequency bias; Frequency response; Level control; Light modulation; Light modulators; Lower frequencies; Measurements of; Photo detection; Photodetectors; Regression analysis; Response measurement
• Online Access: View Fulltext in Publisher
• Physical Description: 9
• ISBN: 10944087 (ISSN)
• DOI: 10.1364/OE.454101

A self-referenced method is proposed to characterize the electro-optic frequency response of dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators (DPMZMs) based on single-tone level control and low-frequency bias swing. The single-tone driving signal and the low-frequency bias signal of the DPMZM mix with each other after photodetection, and a low-frequency beat note is generated in the electrical domain. The functional relationship between the desired low-frequency amplitude and the single-tone driving level is investigated and established, from which the modulation depth and half-wave voltage are extracted with the help of regression analysis. We experimentally demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method and compare it with the conventional ones to check the consistency. The self-referenced method features single-tone modulation and low-frequency detection for measuring high-speed DPMZMs, which avoids the use of a broadband photodetector (PD) and the influence of the uneven response of the PD. © 2022 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement