The Global Value Chain Analysis ofAgriculture and Food Sectors of East Asia

• Main Authors: Yun-Jing Chen, 陳昀靚
• Other Authors: Shih-Hsun Hsu
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2017
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/s3xtvj

碩士 === 國立臺灣大學 === 農業經濟學研究所 === 105 === Through trade liberalization, the trade barriers on agricultural and food (agro-food) exports are reducing gradually and the value of global exports are increasing year by year. Therefore, the real gains in terms of domestic value added in a country''s total gross exports get more and more attention. Using the World Input-Output Tables from 2000 to 2014, this study applied the theory provided by Wang et al. (2013) to decompose the agro-food exports of Taiwan, Japan, South Korea and Mainland China into various value-added and double counted terms. Also, this study decomposes the gross exports in ago-food sectors at the bilateral level which is focus between Taiwan and the other countries. Through the single and bilateral level analysis of East Asian countries, we try to have a better understanding of Asian East countries'' position in the global value chains in agro-food sectors. The study found that the share of foreign value added in Taiwan''s total agro-food exports is nearly 30%, relatively higher than the other countries, which shows Taiwan''s agro-food exports rely heavily on imported raw materials. Look in a lot more detail at domestic value added share in Taiwan’s agro-food exports, we could find that the share of intermediate exports is higher than final goods and is increasing. Therefore, there is still room for growth in the added value of agro-food exports. Moreover, we observed the bilateral trade between Taiwan and the other countries and found that the domestic value added is mainly derived from final goods exports. Also, we could find that the share of Taiwan''s final goods exports in the agro-food imports of Japan and South Korea is increasing, which has shown Taiwan''s agro-food sectors is moving toward mid-stream and upstream of global value chains. However, the main source of domestic value added in the agro-food imports of Mainland China had changed from intermediate goods to final goods. Those results explained that the Taiwan''s export strategy and comparative advantage for Japan and South Korea are different from Mainland China. On the other hand, we could find the domestic value added share in Japan''s and South Korea''s exports is mainly from the value of final goods and two countries'' share all reaches over 80%. Owing to the political and economic relation between Mainland China and Taiwan, the main source of domestic value added has changed from intermediate exports to final goods exports since 2006. Finally, we considered the export structure of agro-food sectors is similar to industrial sectors. With the adjustment of market globalization and industrial specialization, the agro-food sectors move toward upstream of global value chains. Under the trend of upstream development, it is necessary to combine upstream, mid-stream and downstream of a country''s agro-food sectors. Also, the same category of agro-food export to different countries may gain different value added. Consequently, we can find Taiwan''s best positioning and strategies through the volume of value added and take that as reference of bilateral and multilateral trade negotiations on agriculture.