| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立彰化師範大學 === 科學教育研究所 === 101 === The purpose of this research is to investigate the behaviors of mathematic problem solving of the eighth graders. Two main research questions will be answered: one is the characteristics and differences of various level participants while dealing with verbal information encountered in the process of problem solving; the other is the factors affecting the results of problem solving. Five mathematic questions are selected according to level of students’ ability. Data analysis is conducted base on the process module proposed by Schoenfeld(1985). Six participants are selected from low-medium-high levels acoordingly from a junior high school in Taichung City. Base on the case study, data are collected by think-aloud and post-interview. And hence concluding by protocol analysis. The findings are:
Concerning the characteristics in the process of problem solving, high-achievers are prone to make use of intuition and their past experiences to solve problems, avoiding conditional fixed approaches, involving more divergent thinking and more emphasis on critical messages, analysis, and verification. Medium-achievers have lower confidence and lower organization ability compared to their high counterparts; despite analysis and verification involved, the frequency apparently is not so high as high-achievers. Low-achievers are not accustomed to analysis, and they mainly concentrate on numbers and ignore the whole structure. They solve the problems basically by trial-and-error and spend their time majorly on counting without any verification actively involved. Concerning the factor that may influence the results of problem-solving, three perspectives are mainly discussed—background knowledge, metacognition, affection, respectively.
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