| Summary: | 碩士 === 大葉大學 === 食品工程研究所 === 90 === Grifola frondosa is a kind of fungi which can be used in medicine, therefore it has high economic value. Plenty of researches on the medical effects of Grifola frondosa have pointed out that it has positive effects on health in terms of antitumor, immunological enhancement, antidiabetic and anti-HIV….etc. It is now a popular health-food product in China and Japan. According to the related studies, employing mycelium of submerged culture to grow fungi has the advantages of minimizing growing time, stablizing the quality, and lowering cost. In addition, it also makes the biological activity easy to control. Thus, submerged culture of mycelium and polysaccharide have been adopted in this study to grow Grifola frondos. This study investigates the process of the growth of Grifola frondosa in terms of the following issues：(1) The difference of the morphological development of Grifola frondosa (2) the different growing effects caused by different elements of media in the shaking bottles (3) the different growing effects caused by different complex media in the shaking bottles (4) the growing effects of using fermentor tank to grow Grifola frondosa. (5) the variation of viscosity, endopolysaccharide and expolysaccharide in varied temperatures (6) the variances of the components and the molecular weight of polysaccharide.
The study shows that, in solid culture, the best growing speed of the colony is achieved under the condition of glucose as carbon source, ammonium cholride as nitrogen source, the ratio of carbon and nitrogen as five to one, and trace element as one percent. In liquid culture, the highest mycelium biomass is achieved under the condition of glucose as carbon source, ammonium sulfate as nitrogen source, the ratio of carbon and nitrogen as twenty to one and trace element as one percent, the initial pH as 5.5, and glucose concentration as two percent. Regarding the different growing effects caused by different complex media in the shaking bottles, in this study, among the culture conditions of the six complex medium, the 10% brown rice powder achieved the highest mycelium biomass. The study also shows that using 5L fermentor tank to grow Grifola frondosa, N1 medium proves to be the best medium for mycelia production. It is also found that the optimun temperature for producing polysaccharide is 25℃. The subject that has the highest contents of endopolysaccharide is Grifola frondosa 36355. The subject that has the highest contents of expolysaccharide is Grifola frondosa 36434. The molecular weight of Endopolysaccharide is 103,900, and the molecular weight of expolysaccharide is 70,200. The analysis of the polysaccharide shows that it includes glucose and xylose.
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