The effect of flow rate, needle design, and needle placement on apical pressure and irrigant exchange in an in vitro tooth model
Heavy irrigation forces in a root canal can lead to irrigant extrusion accidents, causing negative sequelae for patients. There are no guidelines for a safe and optimal irrigation flow rate and little data on the apical pressures generated during irrigation. This study aimed to measure the pressu...
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| Language: | English |
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University of British Columbia
2012
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42803 |