Produ??o, avalia??o f?sico-qu?mica, microbiol?gica e sensorial de queijo de cabra probi?tico tipo ?Boursin?

CAPES === Even more people look for products that offer better quality of life and promote health. Goat's milk is considered a highly nutritious food; however, its characteristic flavor still makes this milk and dairy products little consumed by Brazilian consumers. The addition of probiotic cu...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: MARTINS, Inayara Beatriz Araujo
Other Authors: Deliza, Rosires
Format: Others
Language:Portuguese
Published: Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro 2017
Subjects:
Online Access:https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/1729
Description
Summary:CAPES === Even more people look for products that offer better quality of life and promote health. Goat's milk is considered a highly nutritious food; however, its characteristic flavor still makes this milk and dairy products little consumed by Brazilian consumers. The addition of probiotic cultures is a strategy to improve benefits for health, increase the aggregate value and stimulate the productive sector. Moreover, it also can improve the sensory characteristics of the products. The purpose of this study was to produce probiotic goat cheese type "Boursin" using two probiotic cultures and evaluate the physical-chemical, microbiological and sensory characteristics during 35 days in cold storage. Three treatments of goat cheese type "Boursin" were produced: without the addition of probiotic culture (Control), added of the probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB12 (BB) and added of the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR). Physical-chemical analyzes of moisture, protein, fat, ash, pH and acidity were performed, and the count of Salmonella sp., Total Coliform and E. coli were also conducted. Counting of lactic acid bacteria was carried out to establish the viability of the probiotic during the shelf life and after in vitro simulation into the human gastrointestinal tract. The acceptance of different treatments was evaluated using 9- point structured hedonic scales. The samples and the expected Ideal goat cheese were characterized by cheese consumers using the Check-all- that-apply (CATA) methodology. Survival analysis was used to investigate the cheeses shelf life. Significant differences were observed (p <0.05) in the levels of protein, moisture and fat of the cheeses. It was found low counting of coliforms and Salmonella ssp. and E. coli in all samples. The viability of probiotic cultures B. lactis and L. rhamnosus was not affected during refrigerated storage of the products, reaching scores greater than 7 log CFU / g. B. lactis presented greater resistance to artificial gastric and enteric juices when compared to L. rhamnosus with 0.2 to 4 log CFU / g mean decreases of the initial populations, respectively. It was found difference in the participants? preference, and three groups of consumers have been identified. Consumers were able to perceive differences in sensory characteristics of the samples and none of them was similar to the Ideal goat cheese. The attributes that drove the acceptance and were considered necessary to increase the average acceptance were tenderness, nice appearance, smooth texture, pleasant aroma, mild aroma and white color. Sour taste and strong flavor were considered negative, responsible for causing a decrease in acceptance. The goat cheese samples reached shelf life longer than 35 days of storage. The results show that the goat cheese type "Boursin" is a promising matrix for incorporation of probiotic cultures B. lactis and L. rhamnosus being a viable strategy to improve the nutritional characteristics of cheeses and add value to the product, as it did not negatively affect the acceptance and cheeses? sensory characteristics. === Cada vez mais as pessoas buscam produtos que ofere?am melhor qualidade de vida e promovam a sa?de. O leite de cabra ? considerado um alimento de alto valor nutritivo; no entanto, seu sabor caracter?stico torna esse leite e derivados ainda pouco consumidos pelos consumidores brasileiros. A adi??o de culturas probi?ticas ? uma estrat?gia para melhorar os benef?cios ? sa?de, aumentar o valor agregado e estimular o setor produtivo. Al?m disso, pode melhorar as caracter?sticas sensoriais dos produtos. O objetivo desse estudo foi produzir queijo de cabra probi?tico tipo "Boursin" empregando duas culturas probi?ticas e avaliar as caracter?sticas f?sico-qu?micas, microbiol?gicas e sensoriais durante 35 dias de armazenamento refrigerado. Tr?s tratamentos de queijos de cabra tipo ?Boursin? foram processados: sem a adi??o de cultura probi?tica (Controle), adicionado do probi?tico Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis ? BB12 (BB) e adicionado do probi?tico Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR). Foram realizadas an?lises f?sico-qu?micas de umidade, prote?na, gordura, cinzas, pH e acidez. Pesquisa de Salmonella sp., Escherichia coli e coliformes totais tamb?m foram conduzidas. Contagens de bact?rias l?ticas foram realizadas para constatar a viabilidade dos probi?ticos durante a vida ?til e ap?s a simula??o in vitro da passagem dos probi?ticos pelo trato gastrointestinal humano. A aceita??o dos diferentes tratamentos foi avaliada por meio de escala hed?nica estruturada de 9 pontos. As amostras e o esperado no queijo de cabra Ideal foram caracterizadas por consumidores de queijo utilizando a metodologia Check-all-that-apply (CATA). A an?lise de sobreviv?ncia foi utilizada para investigar a vida ?til dos queijos. Foram encontradas diferen?as significativa (p < 0,05) nos teores de prote?na, umidade e gordura dos queijos. Verificou-se baixas contagens de coliformes totais e aus?ncia de Salmonella spp. e E. coli em todas as amostras analisadas. A viabilidade das culturas probi?ticas B. lactis e L. rhamnosus n?o foi afetada durante o armazenamento refrigerado dos produtos, com contagens acima de 7 Log UFC/g. B. lactis apresentou maior resist?ncia aos sucos g?stricos e ent?ricos quando comparada ao L. rhamnosus, com decr?scimos m?dios das popula??es iniciais de 0,2 e 4 Log UFC/g, respectivamente. Foi encontrada diferen?a na prefer?ncia dos participantes e tr?s grupos de consumidores foram identificados. Os consumidores foram capazes de perceber diferen?as nas caracter?sticas sensoriais das amostras e nenhuma delas foi semelhante ao esperado para queijo de cabra Ideal. Os atributos que dirigiram a aceita??o e considerados necess?rios para elevar a m?dia da aceita??o foram maciez, apar?ncia agrad?vel, textura suave, aroma agrad?vel, aroma suave e cor branca. Gosto ?cido e sabor forte foram considerados negativos, respons?veis por causar decr?scimo na aceita??o. As amostras de queijo de cabra alcan?aram vida ?til superior aos 35 dias de armazenamento. Os resultados demonstram que o queijo de cabra tipo "Boursin" ? uma matriz promissora para a incorpora??o das culturas probi?ticas B. lactis e L. rhamnosus, sendo uma estrat?gia vi?vel para melhorar as caracter?sticas nutricionais dos queijos e agregar valor ao produto, uma vez que n?o afetaram de maneira negativa a aceita??o e caracter?sticas sensoriais dos queijos.