An Emerging Syndemic of Smoking and Cardiopulmonary Diseases in People Living with HIV in Africa

An Emerging Syndemic of Smoking and Cardiopulmonary Diseases in People Living with HIV in Africa

Background: African countries have the highest number of people living with HIV (PWH). The continent is home to 12% of the global population, but accounts for 71% of PWH globally. Antiretroviral therapy has played an important role in the reduction of the morbidity and mortality rates for HIV, which...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Emmanuel Peprah, Mari Armstrong-Hough, Stephanie H. Cook, Barbara Mukasa, Jacquelyn Y. Taylor, Huichun Xu, Linda Chang, Joyce Gyamfi, Nessa Ryan, Temitope Ojo, Anya Snyder, Juliet Iwelunmor, Oliver Ezechi, Conrad Iyegbe, Paul O’Reilly, Andre Pascal Kengne
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-03-01
Series:International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Subjects:
syndemics
cardiovascular disease
smoking
tobacco
low- and middle-income countries
HIV/AIDS
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/6/3111

Internet

https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/6/3111

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