Nanoconjugates to enhance PDT-mediated cancer immunotherapy by targeting the indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase pathway

Abstract Background Photodynamic therapy (PDT) may elicit antitumor immune response in addition to killing cancer cells. However, PDT as a monotherapy often fails to induce a strong immunity. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, which selectively block regulatory axes, may be used in combination with PDT t...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xueyuan Yang, Weizhong Zhang, Wen Jiang, Anil Kumar, Shiyi Zhou, Zhengwei Cao, Shuyue Zhan, Wei Yang, Rui Liu, Yong Teng, Jin Xie
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2021-06-01
Series:Journal of Nanobiotechnology
Subjects:
IDO
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-021-00919-z