Novel Treatment of Chronic Bladder Pain Syndrome and Other Pelvic Pain Disorders by OnabotulinumtoxinA Injection

Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is defined as pain in the pelvic organs and related structures of at least 6 months’ duration. The pathophysiology of CPP is uncertain, and its treatment presents challenges. Botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A), known for its antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and muscle relaxant a...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jia-Fong Jhang, Hann-Chorng Kuo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2015-06-01
Series:Toxins
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/7/6/2232