Kidney Organoid and Microphysiological Kidney Chip Models to Accelerate Drug Development and Reduce Animal Testing

Kidneys are critical for the elimination of many drugs and metabolites via the urine, filtering waste and maintaining proper fluid and electrolyte balance. Emerging technologies incorporating engineered three-dimensional (3D) in vitro cell culture models, such as organoids and microphysiological sys...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Wei-Yang Chen, Eric A Evangelista, Jade Yang, Edward J Kelly, Catherine K Yeung
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-07-01
Series:Frontiers in Pharmacology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.695920/full