How negative partisanship affects voting behavior in Europe: Evidence from an analysis of 17 European multi-party systems with proportional voting
While positive party identification is one of the most used concepts in election studies, negative partisanship (NPID) is rarely analyzed. Evidence from two-party systems or settings with majority voting shows that hostility towards one of the other parties has its own unique impact on voting behavi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SAGE Publishing
2017-01-01
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| Series: | Research & Politics |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1177/2053168016686636 |