Ten Years of Monitoring Illustrates a Cascade of Effects of White Pine Blister Rust and Focuses Whitebark Pine Restoration in the Canadian Rocky and Columbia Mountains
Whitebark pine forests are declining due to infection by white pine blister rust and mountain pine beetle, combined with the effects of climate change and fire suppression. The Canadian Rocky and Columbia Mountains represent a large portion of the whitebark range; a vast area, exemplifying the need...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2018-03-01
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Series: | Forests |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/9/3/138 |