Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation to Improve the Dysfunction of Descending Pain Modulatory System Related to Opioids in Chronic Non-cancer Pain: An Integrative Review of Neurobiology and Meta-Analysis

Background: Opioid long-term therapy can produce tolerance, opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH), and it induces dysfunction in pain descending pain inhibitory system (DPIS).Objectives: This integrative review with meta-analysis aimed: (i) To discuss the potential mechanisms involved in analgesic toler...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Maxciel Zortea, Leticia Ramalho, Rael Lopes Alves, Camila Fernanda da Silveira Alves, Gilberto Braulio, Iraci Lucena da Silva Torres, Felipe Fregni, Wolnei Caumo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-11-01
Series:Frontiers in Neuroscience
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnins.2019.01218/full