Potentiation of IL-4 Signaling by Retinoic Acid in Intestinal Epithelial Cells and Macrophages—Mechanisms and Targets

We previously demonstrated that IL4, IL13, CLCA1, and CCL26 mRNA were significantly upregulated in the lungs of pigs given a low dose of all trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) and infected with Ascaris suum. We also demonstrated that in vitro ATRA induced a state of partial alternative activation in porcine...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Celine Chen, Allen D. Smith, Lumei Cheung, Quynhchi Pham, Joseph F. Urban, Harry D. Dawson
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-05-01
Series:Frontiers in Immunology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2020.00605/full