Endoscopic spray cryotherapy for genitourinary malignancies: safety and efficacy in a porcine model
Objective: To examine the effects and safety of using endoscopic spray cryotherapy (ESC) on bladder, ureteral, and renal pelvis urothelium in a live porcine model. Subjects and methods: ESC treatments were systematically applied to urothelial sites in the bladder, ureter, and renal pelvis of eight f...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
SAGE Publishing
2013-06-01
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Series: | Therapeutic Advances in Urology |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1177/1756287212465457 |