Indoxyl Sulfate Induces Apoptosis through Oxidative Stress and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway Inhibition in Human Astrocytes

Indoxyl Sulfate Induces Apoptosis through Oxidative Stress and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway Inhibition in Human Astrocytes

Uremic toxins accumulated in chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases the risk of cognitive impairment. Indoxyl sulfate (IS) is a well-known protein-bound uremic toxin that is correlated with several systemic diseases, but no studies on human brain cells are available. We investigated the effect of IS...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yi-Ting Lin, Ping-Hsun Wu, Yi-Chun Tsai, Ya-Ling Hsu, Han Ying Wang, Mei-Chuan Kuo, Po-Lin Kuo, Shang-Jyh Hwang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2019-02-01
Series:Journal of Clinical Medicine
Subjects:
indoxyl sulfate
uremic toxins
astrocyte
oxidative stress
mitogen-activated protein kinase
dual specific phosphatase
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/8/2/191

Internet

https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/8/2/191

Similar Items