PD-1 and PD-L1 Checkpoint Signaling Inhibition for Cancer Immunotherapy: Mechanism, Combinations, and Clinical Outcome

PD-1 and PD-L1 Checkpoint Signaling Inhibition for Cancer Immunotherapy: Mechanism, Combinations, and Clinical Outcome

Several cancers are highly refractory to conventional chemotherapy. The survival of tumors in several cases is assisted by checkpoint immunomodulation to maintain the imbalance between immune surveillance and cancer cell proliferation. Check point antibody inhibitors, such as anti-PD-1/PD-L1, are a...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hashem O. Alsaab, Samaresh Sau, Rami Alzhrani, Katyayani Tatiparti, Ketki Bhise, Sushil K. Kashaw, Arun K. Iyer
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2017-08-01
Series:Frontiers in Pharmacology
Subjects:
immunotherapy
PD-1/PDL-1 mechanism
tumor stroma role in PD-1/PD-L1
immune resistance
challenges and new approach
combination immune therapy
Online Access:http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphar.2017.00561/full

Internet

http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphar.2017.00561/full

Similar Items