Neurotoxicity and inflammation induced by individual and combined exposure to iron oxide nanoparticles and silver nanoparticles

• Main Authors: Mokhtar Ibrahim Yousef, Abdelsalam Abdalla Abuzreda, Maher Abd EL-Nabi Kamel
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2019-12-01
• Series: Journal of Taibah University for Science
• Subjects: iron oxide and silver nanoparticles; mitochondrial transcription factor a; peroxisome proliferator activator receptor gamma-coactivator 1α; oxidative stress
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16583655.2019.1602351

The present study aimed to investigate the neurotoxicity of iron oxide and silver NPs solely or combined. At the molecular level, the exposure to both NPs induced marked DNA fragmentation, downregulation of mtTFA, and upregulation of PGC-1α expression. Both NPs caused decline in acetylcholine esterase, norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine, and antioxidants enzymes, while causing an increase in lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, tumour suppressor gene p53, tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, acetylcholine, and norepinephrine. NPs exposure was  associated with severe histologic changes in brain architecture. The effect of the combined exposure to both  NPs was more pronounced than each one alone. This study showed that the mechanism of neurotoxicity may involve different pathways including changes in gene expression of mTFA and PGC-1α, induced DNA fragmentation, deregulated neurotransmitters, oxidative stress and disturbed cytokine production and tumour suppressor protein p53.