Combining Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Established and Emerging Targets and Strategies to Improve Outcomes in Melanoma

Combining Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Established and Emerging Targets and Strategies to Improve Outcomes in Melanoma

The immune system employs several checkpoint pathways to regulate responses, maintain homeostasis and prevent self-reactivity and autoimmunity. Tumor cells can hijack these protective mechanisms to enable immune escape, cancer survival and proliferation. Blocking antibodies, designed to interfere wi...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Duaa O. Khair, Heather J. Bax, Silvia Mele, Silvia Crescioli, Giulia Pellizzari, Atousa Khiabany, Mano Nakamura, Robert J. Harris, Elise French, Ricarda M. Hoffmann, Iwan P. Williams, Anthony Cheung, Benjamin Thair, Charlie T. Beales, Emma Touizer, Adrian W. Signell, Nahrin L. Tasnova, James F. Spicer, Debra H. Josephs, Jenny L. Geh, Alastair MacKenzie Ross, Ciaran Healy, Sophie Papa, Katie E. Lacy, Sophia N. Karagiannis
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-03-01
Series:Frontiers in Immunology
Subjects:
checkpoint inhibitors
combination immunotherapy
immunooncology therapeutics
melanoma
CTLA-4
PD-1
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2019.00453/full

Internet

https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2019.00453/full

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