Algorithm and Implementation of Distributed ESN Using Spark Framework and Parallel PSO
The echo state network (ESN) employs a huge reservoir with sparsely and randomly connected internal nodes and only trains the output weights, which avoids the suboptimal problem, exploding and vanishing gradients, high complexity and other disadvantages faced by traditional recurrent neural network...
Main Authors: | , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2017-04-01
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Series: | Applied Sciences |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/7/4/353 |