Algorithm and Implementation of Distributed ESN Using Spark Framework and Parallel PSO

The echo state network (ESN) employs a huge reservoir with sparsely and randomly connected internal nodes and only trains the output weights, which avoids the suboptimal problem, exploding and vanishing gradients, high complexity and other disadvantages faced by traditional recurrent neural network...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Kehe Wu, Yayun Zhu, Quan Li, Guolong Han
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2017-04-01
Series:Applied Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/7/4/353