Caffeic Acid Esters Are Effective Bactericidal Compounds Against <i>Paenibacillus</i> <i>larvae</i> by Altering Intracellular Oxidant and Antioxidant Levels

American Foulbrood (AFB) is a deadly bacterial disease affecting pupal and larval honey bees. AFB is caused by the endospore-forming bacterium <i>Paenibacillus larvae</i> (PL). Propolis, which contains a variety of organic compounds, is a product of bee foraging and is a resinous substan...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: William Collins, Noah Lowen, David J. Blake
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2019-07-01
Series:Biomolecules
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/9/8/312