Distinguishing between Clausius, Boltzmann and Pauling Entropies of Frozen Non-Equilibrium States

Distinguishing between Clausius, Boltzmann and Pauling Entropies of Frozen Non-Equilibrium States

In conventional textbook thermodynamics, entropy is a quantity that may be calculated by different methods, for example experimentally from heat capacities (following Clausius) or statistically from numbers of microscopic quantum states (following Boltzmann and Planck). It had turned out that these...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Rainer Feistel
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2019-08-01
Series:Entropy
Subjects:
empirical entropy
statistical entropy
residual entropy
Nernst theorem
Pauling entropy
metastable states
non-equilibrium
frozen states
symbolic information
Shannon entropy
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/8/799

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https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/8/799

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