Functional analysis of plasma α2-macroglobulin from Alzheimer's disease patients with the A2M intronic deletion

Functional analysis of plasma α2-macroglobulin from Alzheimer's disease patients with the A2M intronic deletion

α2-Macroglobulin (α2M) is an abundant plasma/extracellular space protein implicated in clearance of amyloid β (Aβ), a key constituent of Alzheimer's disease (AD) plaques. α2M also regulates proteinase and growth factor activities. In recent years, there have been >30 genetic studies debating...

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Main Authors: Caroline Hope, Joseph Mettenburg, Steven L Gonias, Steven T DeKosky, M.Ilyas Kamboh, Charleen T Chu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2003-12-01
Series:Neurobiology of Disease
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969996103001505
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language English
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author Caroline Hope
Joseph Mettenburg
Steven L Gonias
Steven T DeKosky
M.Ilyas Kamboh
Charleen T Chu
spellingShingle Caroline Hope
Joseph Mettenburg
Steven L Gonias
Steven T DeKosky
M.Ilyas Kamboh
Charleen T Chu
Functional analysis of plasma α2-macroglobulin from Alzheimer's disease patients with the A2M intronic deletion
Neurobiology of Disease
author_facet Caroline Hope
Joseph Mettenburg
Steven L Gonias
Steven T DeKosky
M.Ilyas Kamboh
Charleen T Chu
author_sort Caroline Hope
title Functional analysis of plasma α2-macroglobulin from Alzheimer's disease patients with the A2M intronic deletion
title_short Functional analysis of plasma α2-macroglobulin from Alzheimer's disease patients with the A2M intronic deletion
title_full Functional analysis of plasma α2-macroglobulin from Alzheimer's disease patients with the A2M intronic deletion
title_fullStr Functional analysis of plasma α2-macroglobulin from Alzheimer's disease patients with the A2M intronic deletion
title_full_unstemmed Functional analysis of plasma α2-macroglobulin from Alzheimer's disease patients with the A2M intronic deletion
title_sort functional analysis of plasma α2-macroglobulin from alzheimer's disease patients with the a2m intronic deletion
publisher Elsevier
series Neurobiology of Disease
issn 1095-953X
publishDate 2003-12-01
description α2-Macroglobulin (α2M) is an abundant plasma/extracellular space protein implicated in clearance of amyloid β (Aβ), a key constituent of Alzheimer's disease (AD) plaques. α2M also regulates proteinase and growth factor activities. In recent years, there have been >30 genetic studies debating the controversial role of a five-base-pair intronic deletion in the A2M gene in late-onset AD. However, little is known about potential effects of the deletion upon α2M function. In this study, we examined the subunit and conformational structure of α2M in AD plasma samples, and its capacity to bind trypsin, transforming growth factor-β1, and Aβ. Plasma from patients homozygous for the deletion (DD) showed normal α2M subunit size, conformation, and proteinase inhibitory activity. Interestingly, plasma α2M from two DD patients showed markedly increased TGF-β1 binding. Moreover, methylamine-treated DD plasma samples showed modest, but significant, elevations in Aβ binding to α2M* compared with samples from patients lacking the deletion. These observations suggest a possible functional basis by which the A2M deletion may influence multifactorial AD pathogenesis.
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969996103001505
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spelling doaj-6db2b9a4af5c4726a52ef835cab711552021-03-20T04:48:45ZengElsevierNeurobiology of Disease1095-953X2003-12-01143504512Functional analysis of plasma α2-macroglobulin from Alzheimer's disease patients with the A2M intronic deletionCaroline Hope0Joseph Mettenburg1Steven L Gonias2Steven T DeKosky3M.Ilyas Kamboh4Charleen T Chu5Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Pittsburgh Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USADepartment of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Pittsburgh Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USADepartment of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Pittsburgh Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USADepartment of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Pittsburgh Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USADepartment of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Pittsburgh Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USADepartment of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Pittsburgh Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USAα2-Macroglobulin (α2M) is an abundant plasma/extracellular space protein implicated in clearance of amyloid β (Aβ), a key constituent of Alzheimer's disease (AD) plaques. α2M also regulates proteinase and growth factor activities. In recent years, there have been >30 genetic studies debating the controversial role of a five-base-pair intronic deletion in the A2M gene in late-onset AD. However, little is known about potential effects of the deletion upon α2M function. In this study, we examined the subunit and conformational structure of α2M in AD plasma samples, and its capacity to bind trypsin, transforming growth factor-β1, and Aβ. Plasma from patients homozygous for the deletion (DD) showed normal α2M subunit size, conformation, and proteinase inhibitory activity. Interestingly, plasma α2M from two DD patients showed markedly increased TGF-β1 binding. Moreover, methylamine-treated DD plasma samples showed modest, but significant, elevations in Aβ binding to α2M* compared with samples from patients lacking the deletion. These observations suggest a possible functional basis by which the A2M deletion may influence multifactorial AD pathogenesis.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969996103001505

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