Resection of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma with thrombi in the inferior vena cava, right atrium, and phrenic vein: a report of three cases
Abstract Background Prognosis for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with a tumor thrombus in the inferior vena cava or right atrium is extremely poor due to cancer progression, pulmonary embolism, and congestion of the circulatory system caused by right heart failure. Surgical resectio...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BMC
2020-06-01
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Series: | World Journal of Surgical Oncology |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12957-020-01914-8 |