Use of pilot tunnel method to overcome difficult ground conditions in Karavanke tunnel
The pilot tunnel method was used in design of Karavanke tunnel to address the two main challenges, which are expected during the construction of the second tube. The first challenge is large convergence displacements in squeezing conditions of Permian and Carboniferous clastic rock of low capacity a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Society for Materials and Structures testing of Serbia
2018-01-01
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| Series: | Građevinski Materijali i Konstrukcije |
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| Online Access: | https://scindeks-clanci.ceon.rs/data/pdf/2217-8139/2018/2217-81391801037J.pdf |
| Summary: | The pilot tunnel method was used in design of Karavanke tunnel to address the two main challenges, which are expected during the construction of the second tube. The first challenge is large convergence displacements in squeezing conditions of Permian and Carboniferous clastic rock of low capacity and under high overburden. The second challenge is the large ingresses of water, which are expected at the fault zones when crossing the aquifers, which are numerous and abundant with water. The paper describes the rationale behind the use of pilot tunnel method and gives an overview of the purposes of the installation, including the background information on the applicability of the method in Karavanke tunnel. The conditions for the construction of the Karavanke tunnel are described firstly through geological conditions for the excavation of the second tube and secondly on the basis of historical records obtained during the construction of the first tube, which took place some 30 years ago. Finally, two examples of the design application of pilot tunnel were given for particular sections of the tunnel explaining the usability of the method for the given conditions. |
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| ISSN: | 2217-8139 2335-0229 |