Sustainable Circular Bioeconomy—Feasibility of Recycled Nutrients for Biomass Production within a Pulp and Paper Integration in Indonesia, Southeast Asia

Sustainable Circular Bioeconomy—Feasibility of Recycled Nutrients for Biomass Production within a Pulp and Paper Integration in Indonesia, Southeast Asia

Sustainable biomass production based on efficient carbon and nutrient recycling is crucial in materially efficient, sustainable biobased production. A circular bioeconomy model of the replacement of mineral fertilizers with recycled nutrients from pulp and paper mill sludge is tested here within a h...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mirja Mikkilä, Papitchaya Utanun, Jukka Luhas, Mika Horttanainen, Lassi Linnanen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-09-01
Series:Sustainability
Subjects:
financial profitability
forest management
pulp and paper industry
pulpwood plantation
reforestation
recycled nutrients
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/18/10169

Internet

https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/18/10169

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