PD-1 blockade delays tumor growth by inhibiting an intrinsic SHP2/Ras/MAPK signalling in thyroid cancer cells
Abstract Background The programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) receptor and its ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2 are immune checkpoints that suppress anti-cancer immunity. Typically, cancer cells express the PD-Ls that bind PD-1 on immune cells, inhibiting their activity. Recently, PD-1 expression has also been foun...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BMC
2021-01-01
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Series: | Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-020-01818-1 |