Statistical optimization of dithranol-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles using factorial design

This study describes a 3² full factorial experimental design to optimize the formulation of dithranol (DTH) loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) by the pre-emulsion ultrasonication method. The variables drug: lipid ratio and sonication time were studied at three levels and arranged in a 3² factori...

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Main Authors: Makarand Suresh Gambhire, Mangesh Ramesh Bhalekar, Vaishali Makarand Gambhire
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Universidade de São Paulo 2011-09-01
Series:Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502011000300008
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spelling doaj-29756eb1515e477894a986776c4fd8a42020-11-24T23:10:37ZengUniversidade de São PauloBrazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences1984-82502175-97902011-09-0147350351110.1590/S1984-82502011000300008Statistical optimization of dithranol-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles using factorial designMakarand Suresh GambhireMangesh Ramesh BhalekarVaishali Makarand GambhireThis study describes a 3² full factorial experimental design to optimize the formulation of dithranol (DTH) loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) by the pre-emulsion ultrasonication method. The variables drug: lipid ratio and sonication time were studied at three levels and arranged in a 3² factorial design to study the influence on the response variables particle size and % entrapment efficiency (%EE). From the statistical analysis of data polynomial equations were generated. The particle size and %EE for the 9 batches (R1 to R9) showed a wide variation of 219-348 nm and 51.33- 71.80 %, respectively. The physical characteristics of DTH-loaded SLN were evaluated using a particle size analyzer, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction. The results of the optimized formulation showed an average particle size of 219 nm and entrapment efficiency of 69.88 %. Ex-vivo drug penetration using rat skin showed about a 2-fold increase in localization of DTH in skin as compared to the marketed preparation of DTH.<br>Este estudo descreve o planejamento factorial 3² para otimizar a formulação de nanopartículas lipídicas sólidas (SLN) carregadas com ditranol (DTH) pelo método da ultrassonificação pré-emulsão. As variáveis como proporção de fármaco:lipídio e o tempo de sonicação foram estudados em três níveis e arranjados em planejamento fatorial 3² para estudar a influência nas variáveis de resposta tamanho de partícula e eficiência percentual de retenção do fármaco (%EE). Pela análise estatística, geraram-se equações polinomiais. O tamanho da partícula e a %EE para os 9 lotes (R1 a R9) mostraram ampla variação, respectivamente, 219-348 nm e 51,33-71,80%. As características físicas das SLN carregadas com DTN foram avaliadas utilizando-se analisador de tamanho de partícula, calorimetria de varredura diferencial e difração de raios X. Os resultados da formulação otimizada mostraram tamanho médio de partícula de 219 nm e eficiência de retenção do fármaco de 69,88%. A penetração ex vivo do fármaco utilizando pele de rato mostrou aumento de, aproximadamente, duas vezes na localização de DTH na pele, comparativamente à preparação de DTH comercializada.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502011000300008Nanopartículas lipídicas sólidasHomogeneizaçãoUltrasonicaçãoPlanejamento fatorialDitranolSolid lipid nanoparticlesHomogenizationUltrasonication3² factorial designDithranol
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Makarand Suresh Gambhire
Mangesh Ramesh Bhalekar
Vaishali Makarand Gambhire
spellingShingle Makarand Suresh Gambhire
Mangesh Ramesh Bhalekar
Vaishali Makarand Gambhire
Statistical optimization of dithranol-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles using factorial design
Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Nanopartículas lipídicas sólidas
Homogeneização
Ultrasonicação
Planejamento fatorial
Ditranol
Solid lipid nanoparticles
Homogenization
Ultrasonication
3² factorial design
Dithranol
author_facet Makarand Suresh Gambhire
Mangesh Ramesh Bhalekar
Vaishali Makarand Gambhire
author_sort Makarand Suresh Gambhire
title Statistical optimization of dithranol-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles using factorial design
title_short Statistical optimization of dithranol-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles using factorial design
title_full Statistical optimization of dithranol-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles using factorial design
title_fullStr Statistical optimization of dithranol-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles using factorial design
title_full_unstemmed Statistical optimization of dithranol-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles using factorial design
title_sort statistical optimization of dithranol-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles using factorial design
publisher Universidade de São Paulo
series Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
issn 1984-8250
2175-9790
publishDate 2011-09-01
description This study describes a 3² full factorial experimental design to optimize the formulation of dithranol (DTH) loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) by the pre-emulsion ultrasonication method. The variables drug: lipid ratio and sonication time were studied at three levels and arranged in a 3² factorial design to study the influence on the response variables particle size and % entrapment efficiency (%EE). From the statistical analysis of data polynomial equations were generated. The particle size and %EE for the 9 batches (R1 to R9) showed a wide variation of 219-348 nm and 51.33- 71.80 %, respectively. The physical characteristics of DTH-loaded SLN were evaluated using a particle size analyzer, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction. The results of the optimized formulation showed an average particle size of 219 nm and entrapment efficiency of 69.88 %. Ex-vivo drug penetration using rat skin showed about a 2-fold increase in localization of DTH in skin as compared to the marketed preparation of DTH.<br>Este estudo descreve o planejamento factorial 3² para otimizar a formulação de nanopartículas lipídicas sólidas (SLN) carregadas com ditranol (DTH) pelo método da ultrassonificação pré-emulsão. As variáveis como proporção de fármaco:lipídio e o tempo de sonicação foram estudados em três níveis e arranjados em planejamento fatorial 3² para estudar a influência nas variáveis de resposta tamanho de partícula e eficiência percentual de retenção do fármaco (%EE). Pela análise estatística, geraram-se equações polinomiais. O tamanho da partícula e a %EE para os 9 lotes (R1 a R9) mostraram ampla variação, respectivamente, 219-348 nm e 51,33-71,80%. As características físicas das SLN carregadas com DTN foram avaliadas utilizando-se analisador de tamanho de partícula, calorimetria de varredura diferencial e difração de raios X. Os resultados da formulação otimizada mostraram tamanho médio de partícula de 219 nm e eficiência de retenção do fármaco de 69,88%. A penetração ex vivo do fármaco utilizando pele de rato mostrou aumento de, aproximadamente, duas vezes na localização de DTH na pele, comparativamente à preparação de DTH comercializada.
topic Nanopartículas lipídicas sólidas
Homogeneização
Ultrasonicação
Planejamento fatorial
Ditranol
Solid lipid nanoparticles
Homogenization
Ultrasonication
3² factorial design
Dithranol
url http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502011000300008
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AT mangeshrameshbhalekar statisticaloptimizationofdithranolloadedsolidlipidnanoparticlesusingfactorialdesign
AT vaishalimakarandgambhire statisticaloptimizationofdithranolloadedsolidlipidnanoparticlesusingfactorialdesign
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