Proton implantation in just above active region for improvement of power conversion efficiency of VCSELs

Abstract Improving the power conversion efficiency of vertical cavity surface‐emitting lasers (VCSELs) by three‐dimensionally control of the carrier concentration, which is the main mechanism of the electrical resistance and optical absorption has been investigated using the proton implantation tech...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Tomoyuki Miyamoto, Hayato Sakamoto
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2021-07-01
Series:Electronics Letters
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1049/ell2.12198