An Overview on Citrus aurantium L.: Its Functions as Food Ingredient and Therapeutic Agent

An Overview on Citrus aurantium L.: Its Functions as Food Ingredient and Therapeutic Agent

Citrus aurantium L. (Rutaceae), commonly known as bitter orange, possesses multiple therapeutic potentials. These biological credentials include anticancer, antianxiety, antiobesity, antibacterial, antioxidant, pesticidal, and antidiabetic activities. The essential oil of C. aurantium was reported t...

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Main Authors: Ipek Suntar, Haroon Khan, Seema Patel, Rita Celano, Luca Rastrelli
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Hindawi Limited 2018-01-01
Series:Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7864269
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spelling doaj-1f37be5d95ef4ce6895987ab56c2c75e2020-11-24T20:53:55ZengHindawi LimitedOxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity1942-09001942-09942018-01-01201810.1155/2018/78642697864269An Overview on Citrus aurantium L.: Its Functions as Food Ingredient and Therapeutic AgentIpek Suntar0Haroon Khan1Seema Patel2Rita Celano3Luca Rastrelli4Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Etiler, 06330 Ankara, TurkeyDepartment of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, PakistanBioinformatics and Medical Informatics Research Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USADipartimento di Farmacia, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, ItalyDipartimento di Farmacia, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, ItalyCitrus aurantium L. (Rutaceae), commonly known as bitter orange, possesses multiple therapeutic potentials. These biological credentials include anticancer, antianxiety, antiobesity, antibacterial, antioxidant, pesticidal, and antidiabetic activities. The essential oil of C. aurantium was reported to display marked pharmacological effects and great variation in chemical composition depending on growing locations but mostly contained limonene, linalool, and β-myrcene. Phytochemically, C. aurantium is rich in p-synephrine, an alkaloid, and many health-giving secondary metabolites such as flavonoids. Animal studies have demonstrated a low affinity of p-synephrine for adrenergic receptors and an even lower affinity in human models. The present review focuses on the different biological activities of the C. aurantium in animal and human models in the form of extract and its pure secondary metabolites. Finally, it is concluded that both the extract and isolated compounds have no unwanted effects in human at therapeutic doses and, therefore, can confidently be used in various dietary formulations.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7864269
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Ipek Suntar
Haroon Khan
Seema Patel
Rita Celano
Luca Rastrelli
spellingShingle Ipek Suntar
Haroon Khan
Seema Patel
Rita Celano
Luca Rastrelli
An Overview on Citrus aurantium L.: Its Functions as Food Ingredient and Therapeutic Agent
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
author_facet Ipek Suntar
Haroon Khan
Seema Patel
Rita Celano
Luca Rastrelli
author_sort Ipek Suntar
title An Overview on Citrus aurantium L.: Its Functions as Food Ingredient and Therapeutic Agent
title_short An Overview on Citrus aurantium L.: Its Functions as Food Ingredient and Therapeutic Agent
title_full An Overview on Citrus aurantium L.: Its Functions as Food Ingredient and Therapeutic Agent
title_fullStr An Overview on Citrus aurantium L.: Its Functions as Food Ingredient and Therapeutic Agent
title_full_unstemmed An Overview on Citrus aurantium L.: Its Functions as Food Ingredient and Therapeutic Agent
title_sort overview on citrus aurantium l.: its functions as food ingredient and therapeutic agent
publisher Hindawi Limited
series Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
issn 1942-0900
1942-0994
publishDate 2018-01-01
description Citrus aurantium L. (Rutaceae), commonly known as bitter orange, possesses multiple therapeutic potentials. These biological credentials include anticancer, antianxiety, antiobesity, antibacterial, antioxidant, pesticidal, and antidiabetic activities. The essential oil of C. aurantium was reported to display marked pharmacological effects and great variation in chemical composition depending on growing locations but mostly contained limonene, linalool, and β-myrcene. Phytochemically, C. aurantium is rich in p-synephrine, an alkaloid, and many health-giving secondary metabolites such as flavonoids. Animal studies have demonstrated a low affinity of p-synephrine for adrenergic receptors and an even lower affinity in human models. The present review focuses on the different biological activities of the C. aurantium in animal and human models in the form of extract and its pure secondary metabolites. Finally, it is concluded that both the extract and isolated compounds have no unwanted effects in human at therapeutic doses and, therefore, can confidently be used in various dietary formulations.
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7864269
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