Increased innate and adaptive immune responses in induced sputum of young smokers

Increased innate and adaptive immune responses in induced sputum of young smokers

Background and objectives: It is known that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) development process is imperceptible and can be asymptomatic for 20 or more years. It is of great importance to diagnose early inflammatory changes that can lead to COPD in young asymptomatic cigarette smokers....

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Main Authors: Agnese Kislina, Liga Balode, Normunds Jurka, Zane Sinkevica, Sergejs Isajevs, Darja Isajeva, Valentina Gordjusina, Maris Bukovskis, Immanuels Taivans, Gunta Strazda
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2015-01-01
Series:Medicina
Subjects:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
T regulatory lymphocytes
Sputum induction
Smoking
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1010660X15000427

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