The influence of smoking on clinical periodontal disease
Periodontal disease has very complex and multi factor etiology. Plaque bacteria is the main cause of periodontal disease and another risk factor that also plays a role is a smoking habit. Cigarette product such as nicotine can influence the development of periodontal disease that can directly and sy...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Universitas Padjadjaran
2009-07-01
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| Series: | Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry |
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| Online Access: | http://jurnal.unpad.ac.id/pjd/article/view/14096 |