Calcium and Cholecalciferol Levels in Late-Phase Laying Hens: Effects on Productive Traits, Egg Quality, Blood Biochemistry, and Immune Responses

Calcium and Cholecalciferol Levels in Late-Phase Laying Hens: Effects on Productive Traits, Egg Quality, Blood Biochemistry, and Immune Responses

Productive traits and immunity in laying hens decrease sharply during the late phase of laying due to aging, which negatively affects the metabolism and hormonal status of the animals. The influence of Ca levels (3.5, 4.0, and 4.5%) and/or cholecalciferol [Vitamin D3 (VD3)] supplementation (800-, 1,...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Youssef A. Attia, Mohammed A. Al-Harthi, Hayam M. Abo El-Maaty
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-07-01
Series:Frontiers in Veterinary Science
Subjects:
laying hens
calcium
VD3
egg quality
immunological responses
blood biochemistry
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fvets.2020.00389/full

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https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fvets.2020.00389/full

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