Approximation algorithms Autonomous Vehicles Autonomous vehicles Cooperative learning Cost benefit analysis Cost function Cost functions Cost-function Costs Energy-based model Energy-based models Generator Generators Heuristic algorithms Heuristics algorithm Inverse optimal control Inverse problems Inverse-optimal control Langevin dynamic Langevin dynamics Maximum likelihood estimation Maximum-likelihood estimation Optimal control Optimal control systems Optimal controls Probability density function Trajectories Trajectory energy-based models (EBMs) inverse optimal control (IOC)