Atomic force microscopy 1 Band gap energy 1 Energy bandgaps 1 Energy gap 1 Field emission microscopes 1 Field emission scanning electron microscopy 1 Glass substrates 1 Manufacture 1 Nanostructured titanium 1 Optimization 1 Oxides 1 Refractive index 1 Sol-gel process 1 Standard values 1 Substrates 1 Surface morphology 1 Synthesization 1 Thin films 1 Titanium dioxide 1 Transparent thin film Ultraviolet visible spectroscopy 1