Above-ground plant cover 1 Bioactivity 1 Biogeochemistry 1 Biological activities 1 Biological materials 1 Carbon 1 Ecosystems 1 Fertility 1 Forestry 1 Hot spot 1 Indicator indicator 1 Iran 1 Land cover 1 Landforms 1 Litter properties Litter property 1 Litter quality 1 Minerals 1 Mountain ecosystems 1 Nutrients 1 Organic compounds 1 Soil fertility 1 Soil surveys 1 Soils 1 Tree cover 1 Tree density 1 ecosystem service 1 ecotone 1 microbial activity 1 plant community 1