Actinobacillus 1 Biochemistry 1 Biosynthesis 1 Butyl acetate Clostridium acetobutylicum 1 Co-culture system 1 Co-cultures 1 Esters 1 Fermentation 1 Glucose 1 Immobilisation 1 Immobilization technology 1 Microbial co-culture system 1 Microbial mono-culture 1 Mono-culture 1 One pot 1 Shorter chains 1 Volatile fatty acids 1 biofuel 1 biotechnology 1 experimental study 1 immobilization 1 laboratory method 1 microbial activity 1