| Summary: | The fatigue behavior of the lead-free piezoelectric Bi<sub>½</sub>Na<sub>½</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub>-BaTiO<sub>3</sub>-K<sub>½</sub>Na<sub>½</sub>NbO<sub>3</sub> (BNT-BT-KNN) under bipolar and unipolar electrical loading is investigated. Special attention is paid to the effect of a decreasing ferroelectric order which was affected by an increase in KNN-content. It is found that, in mainly ferroelectric systems with low KNN-content, bipolar cycling leads to domain wall pinning and formation of microcracks, while in mainly non-ferroelectric systems with high KNN-content fatigue can be rationalized by the repeated field-induced phase transition occurring during each field cycle. Under unipolar load, fatigue in low-KNN systems is dominated by domain wall pinning and the formation of a space charge field. Only the latter effect is present in non-ferroelectric high-KNN systems, which fatigue to a smaller degree.
|
|---|
