Metabolic syndrome and its components among HIV/AIDS patients on Antiretroviral Therapy and ART-Naïve Patients at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria

• Main Authors: Djeufouata, J. (Author), Ekpo, J. (Author), Etukudo, M. (Author), Iya, B. (Author), Ndeh, F. (Author), Njongang, V. (Author), Nsonwu, A. (Author), Ojong, E. (Author), Usoro, C. (Author)
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Makerere University, Medical School 2022
• Subjects: Antiretroviral therapy; ART-Naïve patients; Calabar; Calabar Teaching Hospital; HIV/AIDS patients; Nigeria
• Online Access: View Fulltext in Publisher

 Background: Although an increasing access to ART in sub-Saharan Africa has made it possible for HIV/AIDS patients to live longer, clinicians managing such patients are faced with the challenge of drug-related metabolic complications. Methods: A cross -sectional study was carried out at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Nigeria, on three groups of participants; namely HIV patients on ART, ART-naïve patients and HIV negative subjects (n =75). Demographic and anthropometric data were collected using a well-structured questionnaire while biochemical parameters were measured using colorimetric methods. Results: The highest prevalence of MS was associated with the HIV/AIDS patients on ART (i.e. 32.0 %, and 50.3% for NCEP-ATP III and IDF criteria respectively). Patients on ART had significant increases (p< 0.05) in waist to hip ratio, FPG, serum TG and LDL-c; and a significantly higher (p< 0.05) prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, low HDL-c and hypertriglyceridaemia compared to the ART-naïve patients. Low serum HDL-c was the most prevalent form of dyslipidaemia in all three groups and the most prevalent component of MS in HIV patients. Conclusion: ART increases the risk of MS and CVD. HIV/AIDS patients on ART should be advised on lifestyle modifications and undertake regular assessment of their cardiovascular risk factors. © 2022 Ojong E et al. Licensee African Health Sciences.