Inorganic metal as additives in SAE 10W-30 Malaysian automotive engine oils

• Main Authors: Hadi, A. (Author), Ibrahem, A.S (Author), Roslan, A. (Author)
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Asian Network for Scientific Information 2014
• Subjects: Additives; Area under the curves; Automobile engines; Automotive; Cadmium compounds; Calorimeters; Capacity enhancement; Chlorine compounds; Cobalt compounds; Copper compounds; Engine oil; Lubricating oils; Malaysian engine oil; Nickel compounds; Nitrates; Petroleum additives; Rheological behaviors; Rotational viscometer; Shear stress; Specific heat; Temperature setting; Titanium dioxide; Titanium oxides; Viscosity; Viscosity-temperature; Viscosity-temperature relationships
• Online Access: View Fulltext in Publisher; View in Scopus

 This study presents and discuss the rheological behavior and heat capacity of inorganics metal (Nickel (II) Nitrate Hexahydrate, Titanium (IV) oxide, cobalt chloride, copper, cadmium nitrate, arsenic oxide and ferum (II) Nitrate) as additives in Malaysian engine oil (P-l). They are uniformly dispersed in oil PI. Two different samples were prepared including one sample used as reference oil. Rheological test were performed using rotational viscometer under constant shear rate of 600 sec-1 and temperature settings starting from 40-100°C. The performance of samples was determined by measuring area under the curve for each of samples graph. The sample that exhibits the largest area under the curve represented the best performance. Heat capacity was determined using bomb calorimeter in adiabatic mode of operation. The study led to following conclusions; all compounds appended in the samples exhibited shear stress, viscosity-temperature relationships, time and heat capacity enhancement compared to reference oil. The results also found that the dissolution of 0.3-0.4 ppm of copper, 0.1 ppm cadmium nitrate, 0.1 ppm arsenic oxide and 0.04-0.05 ppm of ferum (II) Nitrate (Test 1) had the best viscosity-temperature relationships, exhibiting higher value of area under the curve. Furthermore, Pl-Tl also had shown significantly improve in heat capacity of oil PI. An additional of 0.15-0.17 ppm of Nick el (II) Hexahydrate, 0.03-0.04 ppm titanium (IV) oxide and 1.3-1.4 ppm of cobalt chloride to the test 1 (test 2), also offering an improvement to the viscosity-temperature relationships and heat capacity for PI. However, results for Pl-Tl better than P1-T2 in term of viscosity-temperature relationships and heat capacity. © 2014 Asian Network for Scientific Information.