Association between polymorphisms in genes encoding estrogen receptors (ESR1 and ESR2) and excreted bisphenol A levels after orthodontic bracket bonding: a preliminary study

• Main Authors: Brigante, T.A.V (Author), Consolaro, A. (Author), de Souza, I.D (Author), Horta, K.C (Author), Küchler, E.C (Author), Marañón-Vásquez, G.A (Author), Matsumoto, M.A.N (Author), Moreira, M.R (Author), Nelson-Filho, P. (Author), Queiroz, M.E.C (Author), Romano, F.L (Author)
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2018
• Subjects: 4,4' isopropylidenediphenol; adolescent; Adolescent; adult; Article; Benzhydryl Compounds; benzhydryl derivative; Bisphenol A; bracket adhesive; chemistry; child; Child; dental bonding; DNA extraction; ESR2 protein, human; estrogen receptor alpha; Estrogen Receptor alpha; estrogen receptor alpha, human; estrogen receptor beta; Estrogen Receptor beta; female; Female; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; genetic association; genetic code; genetic polymorphism; genetics; genotype; Genotype; human; Humans; in vivo study; male; Male; mass fragmentography; orthodontic bracket; Orthodontic Brackets; Orthodontics; phenol derivative; Phenols; Polymorphism; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; preliminary data; rank sum test; real time polymerase chain reaction; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; resin cement; Resin Cements; saliva; single nucleotide polymorphism; Student t test; urine; urine level; young adult; Young Adult
• Online Access: View Fulltext in Publisher

 Background: Bisphenol A (BPA) is released from orthodontic composites used for bracket bonding. Genetic variations could modify the metabolism of this chemical within the organism. Considering that free BPA binds to estrogen receptors causing harmful effects to health, the present in vivo study aimed to evaluate the association between genetic polymorphisms in genes encoding estrogen receptors (ESR1 and ESR2) and excreted BPA levels in orthodontic patients. Methods: Quantification of BPA levels in the urine of 16 patients was performed in a gas chromatograph mass spectrometer before (T0), at 24 h (T1), and 1 week (T2) after bracket bonding. DNA was extracted from saliva, and one genetic polymorphism in ESR1 (rs2234693) and two in ESR2 (rs4986938 and rs1256049) were analyzed by real-time PCR. Increases in BPA levels in the urine at T1 and T2 were grouped according to the genotype, and mean differences were compared by unpaired T test or Mann-Whitney test according to the normality of the data. The established alpha was 5%. Results: BPA levels increased significantly at T1 and T2. There were no statistically significant differences in the increases in BPA levels according to the genotype for any genetic polymorphism (P > 0.05), at neither 24 h nor 1 week after bracket bonding. Conclusions: The results suggested that there are no association between excreted BPA levels after bracket bonding and the evaluated genetic polymorphisms in ESR1 and ESR2. Further research should be performed in order to confirm these results. © 2018, The Author(s).