Wear characterization of nano-hydroxyapatite with addition of titanium (HA-Ti)

• Main Authors: Arawi, A.Z.O (Author), Bonnia, N.N (Author), Ismail, M.I.S (Author), Mahat, M.M (Author), Rosmamuhamadani, R. (Author), Sabrina (Author), Sulaiman, S. (Author), Talari, M.K (Author), Yahaya, M. (Author)
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Institute of Physics Publishing 2018
• Subjects: Ball milling; Ball milling process; Calcination; Calcite; Calcium carbonate; Calcium hydroxide (Ca2); Chemical compositions; Coefficient of frictions; Crystallographic structure; Diammonium phosphates; Friction; Hardness; Hydrated lime; Hydroxyapatite; Lime; Mechanical testing; Microstructure analysis; Microwave irradiation; Milling (machining); Nanocomposites; Pallets; Titanium; Wear characterization
• Online Access: View Fulltext in Publisher; View in Scopus

 Hydroxyapatite (Ca10 (PO4)6(OH)2, HA), is an attractive material of an inorganic compound whose chemical composition and crystallographic structures are similar to the composition of the bone. A natural source such as egg shells is composed of 94 wt. % of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), which can be calcined as calcium oxide (CaO) by the calcinations process. The efficient temperature to produce CaO is 900 °C for 2 hours. The synthesis of nano-HA was done by the mixing the diammonium phosphate (DAP) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) and subjected into a microwave for 30 minutes at 1100 W irradiation power. Ball milling process was used for 30 minutes to mix the nano-HA with different compositions of titanium. These were pressed to form pallets by hand hydraulic pump (force=2300 psi). The pallets then were sintered at 1200 °C with the heating rate of 3 °C/min for 2 hours. The pallets were tested by several mechanical testing including hardness, compression strength and wear. From the results, HA-25wt. %Ti composite gave the highest hardness, compression and coefficient of friction for wear test values which were 89.6 Hv, 82.5MPa and 0.76μ respectively. It showed that by adding Ti to nano-HA, the mechanical properties of nano-HA could be enhanced. The microstructure analyses by optical micrograph showed that nano-HA-Ti particles displayed shape likes needle morphology. The particles showed the high tendency to form the agglomerations. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.