3D simulation of the hierarchical multi-mode molecular stress function constitutive model in an abrupt contraction flow

• Main Authors: Coates, P.D (Author), Gough, T. (Author), Olley, P. (Author), Spares, R. (Author)
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier B.V. 2022
• Subjects: Abrupt contraction; Abrupt contractions; Birefringence; Boundary conditions; Constitutive models; Functions; Hierarchical multi-mode molecular stress function; HMMSF; Molecular stress function; Molecular stress functions; Multimodes; Optical coefficients; Polymer melts; Simulation; Stress optical coefficient; Vortex; Vortex flow; Wakes
• Online Access: View Fulltext in Publisher

 A recent development of the Molecular Stress Function constitutive model, the Hierarchical Multi-Mode Molecular Stress Function (HMMSF) model has been shown to fit a large range of rheometrical data with accuracy, for a large range of polymer melts. We develop a 3D simulation of the HMMSF model and compare it to experimental data for the flow of Lupolen 1840H LDPE through an abrupt 3D contraction flow. We believe this to be the first finite element implementation of the HMMSF model. It is shown that the model gives a striking agreement with experimental vortex opening angles, with very good agreement to full-field birefringence measurements, over a wide range of flow rates. A method to give fully-developed inlet boundary conditions is implemented (in place of using parabolic inlet boundary conditions), which gives a significantly improved match to birefringence measurements in the inlet area, and in low stress areas downstream from the inlet. Alternative constitutive model parameters are assessed following the principle that extensional rheometer data actually provides a ‘lower bound’ for peak extensional viscosity. It is shown that the model robustly maintains an accurate fit to vortex opening angle and full-field birefringence data, provided that both adjustable parameters are kept such that both shear and extensional data are well fitted. © 2022 The Author(s)