Impact of an Electronic Medical Record Best Practice Alert on Expedited Partner Therapy for Chlamydia Infection and Reinfection

• Main Authors: Callahan, M. (Author), Cocoros, N.M (Author), Elder, H. (Author), Hsu, K.K (Author), Klompas, M. (Author), Willis, S.J (Author)
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford University Press 2022
• Subjects: abdominal pain; adolescent; adult; antibacterial agents; Article; awareness; chlamydia; Chlamydia; chlamydiasis; electronic health records; electronic medical record; emtricitabine plus tenofovir disoproxil; expedited partner therapy; female; fever; follow up; gonorrhea; human; Human immunodeficiency virus; Human immunodeficiency virus infection; major clinical study; male; prescription; prevalence; prophylaxis; public health; reinfection; retrospective study; syphilis; urethral discharge; urethritis; uterine cervicitis; vaginitis
• Online Access: View Fulltext in Publisher

 Background: Atrius Health implemented a best practice alert (BPA) to encourage clinicians to provide expedited partner therapy (EPT) in October 2014. We assessed (1) the impact of the BPA on EPT provision and chlamydial reinfection and (2) the impact of EPT on testing for chlamydia reinfection and reinfection rates. Methods: We included patients ≥15 years with ≥1 positive chlamydia test between January 2013 and March 2019. Tests-of-reinfection were defined as chlamydia tests 28-120 days after initial infection, and corresponding positive results were considered evidence of reinfection. We used interrupted time series analyses to identify changes in (1) frequency of EPT, (2) tests-of-reinfection, and (3) reinfections after the BPA was released. Log-binomial regression models, with generalized estimating equation methods, assessed associations between (1) EPT and tests-of-reinfection and (2) EPT and reinfection. Results: Among 7267 chlamydia infections, EPT was given to 1475 (20%) patients. Expedited partner therapy frequency increased from 15% to 22% of infections between January 2013 and September 2014 (β = 0.003, P = .03). After the BPA was released, EPT frequency declined to 19% of infections by March 2019 (β = -0.004, P = .008). On average, 35% of chlamydia infections received a test-of-reinfection and 7% were reinfected; there were no significant changes in these percentages after BPA implementation. Patients given EPT were more likely to receive tests-of-reinfection (prevalence ratio [PR] 1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-1.16) but without change in reinfections (PR 0.88; 95% CI, 0.66-1.17). Conclusions: Best practice alerts in electronic medical record systems may not be effective at increasing EPT prescribing and decreasing chlamydial reinfection. However, patients given EPT were more likely to receive a test of chlamydia reinfection. © 2021 The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.