Toward Quaternary QCA: Novel Majority and XOR Fuzzy Gates

• Main Authors: Akbari-Hasanjani, R. (Author), Haghparast, M. (Author), Sabbaghi-Nadooshan, R. (Author)
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. 2022
• Subjects: Cells; Circuit simulation; CMOS integrated circuits; CMOS technology; Computer circuits; Cytology; Fuzzy logic; Integrated circuit modeling; Lithography; Logic circuits; Logic gates; majority fuzzy gate; Majority fuzzy gate; Many valued logics; Multi-valued; multi-valued QCA; Multi-valued quantum-dot cellular automaton; Nanocrystals; polarization; Polarization; Potential well; Potential wells; QQCA; Quantum computers; Quantum computing; Quantum Computing; Quantum dots; Quantum-dot cellular automata; quaternary; Quaternary; Quaternary QCA; Semiconductor quantum dots; Timing circuits; XOR fuzzy gate
• Online Access: View Fulltext in Publisher

 As an emerging nanotechnology, quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) has been considered an alternative to CMOS technology that suffers from problems such as leakage current. Moreover, QCA is suitable for multi-valued logic due to the simplicity of implementing fuzzy logic in a way much easier than CMOS technology. In this paper, a quaternary cell is proposed with two isolated layers because of requiring three particles to design this quaternary cell. Moreover, due to the instability of the basic gates, the three particles cannot be placed in one layer. The first layer of the proposed two-layer cell includes a ternary cell and the second one includes a binary cell. It is assumed that the overall polarization of the quaternary QCA (QQCA) cell is determined as the combined polarization of the two layers. The proposed QQCA cell can also be implemented in one layer. Simulations of the QQCA cell are performed based on analytical calculations. Moreover, a majority fuzzy gate, an XOR fuzzy gate, and a crossbar structure are simulated. Author