Direct Numerical Simulation of non-isothermal dilute sprays using the Mesoscopic Eulerian Formalism

• Main Author: Dombard, Jérôme
• Format: Others
• Published: 2011
• Online Access: http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7124/1/dombard.pdf

This work addresses the Direct Numerical Simulation of non-isothermal turbulent flows laden with solid particles in the dilute regime. The focus is set on the accurate prediction of heat transfer between phases and of particles dispersion. The dispersed phase is described by an Eulerian approach : the Mesoscopic Eulerian Formalism [41, 123], recently extended to non-isothermal flows [78]. The main objective of this work is to assess the ability of this formalism to accurately account for both dynamic and thermal inertia of particles in turbulent sheared flows. The CFD code used in this work is AVBP. The numerical simulation of dilute sprays with an Eulerian approach calls for specific modelling and raises additional numerical issues. First, the numerical methods implemented in AVBP for two-phase flows [69, 103, 109] were tested and revisited. The objective was to propose an accurate and robust numerical strategy that withstands the steep gradients of particle volume fraction due to preferential concentration [132] with a limited numerical diffusion. These numerical strategies have been tested on a series of test cases of increasing complexity and relevant diagnostics were proposed. In particular, the two-dimensional vortex laden with solid particles was suggested as a simple configuration to illustrate the effect of particle inertia on their concentration profile and to test numerical strategies. An analytical solution was also derived in the limit of small inertia. Moreover, dissipations due to numerics and to physical effects were explicitly extracted and quantified. Eventually, the numerical strategy coupling the highorder centered scheme TTGC with a stabilization technique –the so called artificial viscosity– proved to be the most accurate and robust alternative in AVBP if an adequate set-up is used (i.e. sensors). Then, the issue of the accurate prediction of particle dispersion in configurations with a mean shear was adressed. One of the RUM model (denoted AXISY-C), proposed by Masi [78] and implemented by Sierra [120], was successfully validated in a two-dimensional and a three-dimensional non-isothermal jet laden with solid particles. Contrary to the former RUM models [63, 103], the main statistics of the dispersed phase were recovered at both the center and the edges of the jet. Finally, the impact of the thermal inertia of particles on their temperature statistics has been investigated. The results showed a strong dependency of these statistics to thermal inertia, pinpointing the necessity of the numerical approaches to account for this phenomenon. Therefore, the extension of the MEF to non isothermal conditions, i.e. the RUM heat fluxes, has been implemented in AVBP. The impact of the RUM HF terms on the temperature statistics was evaluated in both configurations of 2D and 3D jets. Eulerian solutions were compared with Lagrangian reference computations carried out by B. Leveugle at CORIA and by E. Masi at IMFT for the 2D and 3D jets, respectively. Results showed a strong positive impact of the RUM HF on the fluctuations of mesoscopic temperature, and to a lesser extent on the mean mesoscopic temperature depending of the configuration. Neglecting the RUM HF leads to erroneous results whereas the Lagrangian statistics are recovered when they are accounted for.