Open-ended questions in Web Surveys - Using visual and adaptive questionnaire design to improve narrative responses
One of the most significant decisions when designing survey questions is whether the questions will be posed as closed-ended or open-ended. Closed-ended questions require respondents to choose from a set of provided response-options, while open-ended questions are answered by respondents in their ow...
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https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/4219/1/Emde%2C%20Matthias%20%282014%29.%20Open-ended%20questions%20in%20Web%20surveys.%20Using%20visual%20and%20adaptive%20questionnaire%20design%20to%20improve%20narrative%20responses..pdfEmde, Matthias <http://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/view/person/Emde=3AMatthias=3A=3A.html> (2014): Open-ended questions in Web Surveys - Using visual and adaptive questionnaire design to improve narrative responses.Darmstadt, Technische Universität, [Ph.D. Thesis]