[en] THE INFLUENCE OF THE BENJAMIN CONSTANT REFORM IN THE MATHEMATICS SYLLABI OF THE PEDRO II SCHOOL

• Main Author: LUIS EDUARDO FERREIRA B MOREIRA
• Other Authors: JOÃO BOSCO PITOMBEIRA FERNANDES DE CARVALHO
• Language: pt
• Published: MAXWELL 2018
• Subjects: [pt] COLEGIO PEDRO II; [en] PEDRO II SCHOOL; [pt] POSITIVISMO; [en] POSITIVISM; [pt] EDUCACAO MATEMATICA; [en] MATHEMATICS EDUCATION; [pt] REFORMA BENJAMIN CONSTANT; [en] BENJAMIN CONSTANT REFORM; [pt] HISTORIA DAS DISCIPLINAS ESCOLARES; [en] HISTORY OF SCHOOL SUBJECTS; [pt] HISTORIA DOS CURRICULOS ESCOLARES; [en] CURRICULUM HISTORY; [pt] HISTORIA DO ENSINO DE MATEMATICA; [en] HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL INSTRUCTION; [pt] HISTORIA DO ENSINO SECUNDARIO BRASILEIRO; [en] HISTORY OF BRAZILIAN SECONDARY EDUCATION
• Online Access: https://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=35467@1; https://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=35467@2; http://doi.org/10.17771/PUCRio.acad.35467

[pt] Este trabalho visa a estudar a influência da Reforma Benjamin Constant no currículo de matemática do Colégio Pedro II. Benjamin Constant foi professor e Ministro da Instrução, dos Correios e Telégrafos, em 1890-1. Ele quis reformar o ensino brasileiro, desde a escola primária até os cursos superiores. Essa Reforma teve caráter enciclopédico, inchando de conteúdos os programas das disciplinas, sobretudo os de matemática. O Colégio Pedro II foi criado em 1837-8 para servir de modelo ao ensino secundário brasileiro, que se caracterizou por dirigir-se à elite socioeconômica; na prática, o Colégio não correspondeu bem à expectativa inicial. A Reforma alterou os programas de matemática do Colégio; dentre outras modificações, introduziu neles, a partir de 1895, noções de cálculo diferencial e integral. Para analisar a influência da Reforma nos mencionados programas, o trabalho compara os currículos vigentes de 1880 a 1890 aos posteriores (1890- 1900). As bases teórico-metodológicas da pesquisa são Ivor Goodson e Jean- François Sirinelli. O trabalho visa, ainda, a caracterizar Benjamin Constant como intelectual e a examinar se e como esse seu status teria influído na Reforma. A pesquisa usa numerosos documentos: atos normativos (como os decretos que instituíram reformas educacionais no Império e no início da República), documentos curriculares (programas de matemática do Colégio Pedro II) e documentos produzidos pelo próprio B. Constant. === [en] This paper intends to study the influence of the Benjamin Constant Reform in the Mathematics curriculum of the Pedro II School. Benjamin Constant was a Mathematics teacher and the Head of the Instruction, Mail and Telegraph Ministry (1890-1). He intended to reform all levels of Brazilian education and decreed the Reform named after him. The Reform had an encyclopedic nature, inflating the content of the programs for each subject, especially the one for Mathematics. The Pedro II School was founded in 1837-8 to serve as a model for Brazilian secondary education, which was characterized as targeted to the social/economical elite; however, the School does not seem to have fulfilled the initial expectations. The Reform altered the Mathematics syllabus of the Pedro II School; among other changes, it added, from 1895 on, notions of differential and integral calculus. To analyze the influence of the Reform in the aforementioned syllabi, this paper compares the Mathematics curriculum in use in 1880-1890 to the ones used later on (1890-1900). The theoretical and methodological bases for this research were Ivor Goodson and Jean-François Sirinelli. The paper also aims to establish Benjamin Constant as an intellectual, and to examine if and how this status would have affected the Reform. The research uses several documents: normative acts (such as the decrees that established educational reforms in Brazil, during the Empire and in the early Republic), curriculum documents (Mathematics syllabi of the Pedro II School in the 1880-1900 period) and documents produced by B. Constant himself.