Lingvisticke přístupy v genomice a lingvistická metafora v biologii

• Main Author: Nohejlová Zemková, Michaela
• Other Authors: Flegr, Jaroslav
• Format: Doctoral Thesis
• Language: Czech
• Published: 2016
• Online Access: http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-352077

In this work we present articles which are connected by the topic of linguistic-like approaches in genomics, which allow to treat genetic sequences as a "text" containing potential "words" (oligonukleotides, oligopeptides) of length n. Such an approach stands on the border of quantitative and qualitative analysis and, contrary to standard comparative bioinformatics methods, it is possible to compare phylogenetically distant individuals. Central article of my work (Zemková et al., 201..) is an analysis of peptide vocabularies of parasites and free-living organisms which showed significant differences in diversity of 4-6 amino acids long peptides of these compared groups. Parasites generally display reduction of pentapeptides, which is partly compensated by increased diversity of hexapeptides. This result is in accordance with our a priori hypothesis that parasites use immune evasion strategy to escape from MHC-based immunity system of its vertebrate host. Results also suggest that the length of key region for peptide recognition is about 4-5 amino acids and hence only short part of longer peptide bound in MHC participate on reaction with T-receptor. In other two articles which arose as a product of cooperation with Prof Trifonov from the University of Haifa, we again used an analysis of genomic...