Organizace sluchové kůry mozku a změny ve sluchovém systému u presbyakuze.

• Main Author: Profant, Oliver
• Other Authors: Syka, Josef
• Format: Doctoral Thesis
• Language: Czech
• Published: 2014
• Online Access: http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-336177

2. Abstract The aim of my study was to identify specific features of the structure and function of neurons in the auditory cortex of rat and to analyze age-related changes in the inhibitory system (GAD 65 and 67) in the central auditory structures of the same species. Based on the findings in the animal model we focused on changes in the central part of the auditory pathway and auditory cortex in aging human population that were examined by various MRI techniques (spectroscopy, morphometry, diffusion tensor imaging and functional MRI). We found that the most significant feature of neurons in the auditory cortex is the presence of the hyperpolarization-activated cation current that influences functional properties of neurons. The differences among neurons in different fields of the AC were based on their specific functional characteristics, with the tonotopy being the key factor of the AC structural organization. Aging of the auditory system has a negative influence on the speech understanding in which the processing of temporal parameters of the sound plays a significant role. In animal experiments we observed decreases of the enzymes GAD65 and 67 (that catalyze synthesis of the main inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA) in central parts of the auditory system. Inhibition is the key factor in coding and...